On December 23, 2025, the United States Trade Representative (USTR) determined that China’s acts, policies, and practices related to targeting of the semiconductor industry for dominance are actionable under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974. Accordingly, the USTR will take tariff action on U.S. imports of semiconductors from China, with an initial tariff
Section 301 Investigations
USTR Announces Section 301 Tariffs on Nicaragua
On December 10, 2025, the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) issued a Federal Register notice announcing actions under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 to address Nicaragua’s acts, policies, and practices related to abuses of labor rights, abuses of human rights and fundamental freedoms, and the dismantling of the rule…
USTR Extends Remaining China Section 301 Product Exclusions
On November 26, 2025, the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) issued a Federal Register notice announcing the extension of exclusions in the Section 301 Investigation of China’s Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Technology Transfer, Intellectual Property, and Innovation. The 178 exclusions were previously scheduled to expire on November 29, 2025, but have…
USTR Announces One-Year Suspension of Section 301 Countermeasures Targeting China’s Maritime, Logistics, and Shipbuilding Sectors
By Aaron C. Mandelbaum & David M. Schwartz on
On November 13, 2025, the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (“USTR”) published a notice in the Federal Register announcing a nearly one-year suspension—until November 10, 2026—of countermeasures it imposed under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended, on Chinese vessels and maritime transport operations. Section 301 authorizes the USTR to investigate…
United States and China Reach Deal to Ease Trade Tensions
- China
USTR Issues Section 301 Determination on Nicaragua’s Abuses of Labor Rights and Human Rights Practices
On October 20, 2025, the United States Trade Representative (USTR) determined under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 that Nicaragua’s acts, policies, and practices related to abuses of labor rights, abuses of human rights and fundamental freedoms, and dismantling of the rule of law are unreasonable and burden or restrict U.S. commerce. The…
Federal Circuit Upholds CIT Decision Supporting China Section 301 Lists 3 and 4A Tariffs
On September 25, 2025, a three-judge panel at the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (CAFC) upheld the decision of the Court of International Trade (CIT) sustaining the China Section 301 tariffs. This decision followed oral argument at the CAFC on January 8, 2025, in the test case for the China Section 301 tariff…
USTR Seeks Comment on Possible Extension of Remaining China Section 301 Product Exclusions
On September 16, 2025, the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) issued a notice and request for public comments on the possible extension of the remaining 178 product exclusions in the Section 301 investigation of China’s acts, policies, and practices related to technology transfer, intellectual property, and innovation. The USTR has extended these exclusions…
USTR Continues Extension of Limited Product Exclusions for China Section 301 Tariffs
On August 28, 2025, the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) announced the extension of remaining product exclusions in the Section 301 Investigation of China’s Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Technology Transfer, Intellectual Property, and Innovation. Based on continued consideration of the comments received in response to the December 29, 2023 Federal Register…
USTR Initiates Section 301 Investigation of Brazil’s Trading Practices
On July 15, 2025, the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR), at the direction of President Donald Trump, initiated an investigation of Brazil under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974. The investigation will seek to determine whether acts, policies, and practices of the government of Brazil related to digital trade and…